The decision to take a case to court

The police will report the crime to the procurator fiscal if:

the suspect is found
there's enough evidence

The procurator fiscal is responsible for the investigation of crimes. They'll decide whether there should be a prosecution. They'll take into account the interests of the victim and the public.

The procurator fiscal will consider the case. If there's enough evidence the accused will be prosecuted and the case will go to court.

You'll be referred to the Victim Information and Advice (VIA) service for support if you're affected by a crime that involves:

domestic abuse
racial or religious aggravation
sexual offences
child victims and witnesses
a trial that's likely to involve a jury

give you information about the criminal justice system
keep you informed about progress in the case
put you in touch with organisations that can give you practical and emotional support

The criminal justice system is the group of organisations that work together to keep people safe. They include the police, courts, and the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service.

The prosecution process

The police carry out an initial crime investigation

If they think there may be enough evidence to support a prosecution, they'll submit a report to the local procurator fiscal.

The procurator fiscal decides if there's enough evidence

There must be at least 2 independent pieces of evidence for this, like:

eye-witness stories
fingerprint evidence
other forensic or scientific evidence

If they think more evidence is needed, the procurator fiscal may ask the police to do more investigating.

If there's enough evidence, the procurator fiscal will decide what action needs to be taken in the public interest

This means they'll make decisions based on what's best for the general public. They'll take into account things like the nature and seriousness of the crime and the risk the offender might commit a crime again.

prosecution in court
warnings
fiscal fines
compensation offers
no action at all

Victims who have been referred to VIA will be given information about the case progress. Other victims and witnesses can ask for this information.

If the procurator fiscal sends the case to court, they'll decide what court it should be sent to

This depends on:

the nature of the offence
the sentencing powers of the court
whether the accused has a criminal record

If the procurator fiscal decides to take no further action

You're entitled to information about the decision on request from the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service. You may request that the decision be reviewed.

Alternatives to prosecution

Sometimes, the procurator fiscal may decide prosecution isn't appropriate for a case, but they still want to take action. The accused might be given:

a warning by the procurator fiscal
a fiscal fine of up to £300 – these are normally for lower level crimes
a compensation order of up to £5,000 – these are normally for lower level crimes
a work order – this means the offender is offered the chance to carry out between 10 and 50 hours of unpaid work as an alternative to court proceedings
a road traffic penalty – this does not result in a criminal record
a diversion from prosecution – this means the offender is referred to support or treatment for the offending behaviour, and could involve a social work department, psychologist, psychiatrist or mediation counsellor

Victims who have been referred to VIA will be told about this decision. Other victims and witnesses can ask for this information.

Asking to drop the charges

You cannot ask to drop the charges at a later date. Once the details of the crime have been passed to the procurator fiscal, it's up to them to decide whether it is in the public interest to proceed with the case or not. You can let the procurator fiscal know if you have any concerns.